River stage / water surface elevation
Satellite(s)e.g., Sentinel-3. | Monitoring elementSurface water reflected echo of microwave pulse. |
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Description techniqueJiang et al. (2020) conducted a comprehensive evaluation of Sentinel-3A water surface elevation data at 50 virtual stations located on a wide range of rivers in China. | Accuracy / ResolutionRMSE: 0.12-0.9m for plain areas. |
Case studyChinese rivers (Jiang et al. 2020). | |
BenefitsThanks to the finer along-track resolution, SAR altimetry is less influenced by land contamination, islands, etc. compared to conventional low resolution mode (LRM) altimetry, especially in coastal areas | Limitations
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Applicability for NorthlandYes, seems likely. DEM inputs would help altimeter's tracking function. Some trials to test local parameters (rivers and topography features) could be undertaken. Also it would be required to check if accuracy would be fit for purpose for small rivers. | |
Publication referencesJiang L, Nielsen K, Dinardo S, Andersen OB, Bauer-Gottwein P. 2020. Evaluation of Sentinel-3 SRAL SAR altimetry over Chinese rivers. Remote Sensing of Environment. 237:111546. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2019.111546. https://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/evaluation-of-sentinel-3-sral-sar-altimetry-over-chinese-rivers
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Other comments or informationSentinel-3 is the first radar altimetry mission operating with a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) altimeter at global scale and with a new on-board tracking system (i.e. open-loop), which has great potential in terms of delivering reliable observations of inland water bodies for the next two decades (several future missions include an open-loop tracking mode). | |
Other referencesNormandin, C., Frappart, F., Diepkilé, A.T., Marieu, V., Mougin, E., Blarel, F., Lubac, B., Braquet, N., Ba, A., 2018. Evolution of the performances of radar altimetry missions from ERS-2 to Sentinel-3A over the Inner Niger Delta. Remote Sens. 10, 833. http://doi.org/10.3390/rs10060833 Dinardo, S., Fenoglio-Marc, L., Buchhaupt, C., Becker, M., Scharroo, R., Joana Fernandes, M., Benveniste, J., 2018. Coastal SAR and PLRM altimetry in German Bight and West Baltic Sea. Adv. Space Res. 62, 1371–1404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2017.12.018 Biancamaria, S., Schaedele, T., Blumstein, D., Frappart, F., Boy, F., Desjonquères, J.D., Pottier, C., Blarel, F., Niño, F., 2018. Validation of Jason-3 tracking modes over French rivers. Remote Sens. Environ. 209, 77–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.02.037 |